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Chemo before surgery helps stop colon cancer coming back

Tim Gunn
by Tim Gunn | News

20 January 2023

12 comments 12 comments

A woman receiving chemotherapy from a nurse.
A slight change to the way doctors give chemotherapy could help thousands of people with colon cancer.

“Timing is everything when it comes to treating colon cancer,” says Matthew Seymour, Professor of Gastrointestinal Cancer Research at the University of Leeds.  

He knows that’s much more than just a phrase. Seymour helped run the FOxTROT trial, which showed that starting chemotherapy just a few weeks earlier can change outcomes for people with colon cancer. Beginning it before surgery, instead of after, significantly cuts the risk of the disease coming back.  

It’s likely that the findings will change how doctors treat colon cancer (which is a type of bowel, or colorectal, cancer) in the NHS and around the world.  

Changing how we treat colon cancer  

We funded FOxTROT, and it was led by scientists at the University of Birmingham and the University of Leeds.  

They split 1,053 early-stage colon cancer patients from across the UK, Denmark and Sweden into two groups. The first group received 6 weeks of chemotherapy before surgery, and then 18 weeks of chemotherapy after. The second group had standard treatment for colon cancer: surgery followed by 24 weeks of chemotherapy. 

“The standard approach has been to give chemotherapy after surgery to eradicate any cancer cells that might have spread,” explains Dr Laura Magill, an Associate Professor at the Birmingham Clinical Trials Unit, and another one of the FOxTROT trial leads. “But our research shows that giving some of that chemotherapy before surgery increases the chances that all cancer cells will be killed.” 

Starting chemotherapy 6 weeks before surgery lowered the risk of colon cancer returning in the following 2 years by 28%. It also reduced the number of side effects from surgery, so patients were less likely to have problems like an infection, or to need another operation.

Saving lives around the world 

Those results are especially impressive because they don’t rely on expensive new treatments or technologies. It’s quick and easy to start giving people chemotherapy 6 weeks earlier.  

In fact, at least 5,000 people in the UK could benefit from the change every year – at no extra cost. Worldwide, the researchers behind the trial predict it could be used to treat hundreds of thousands more.  

“In many parts of the world cancer treatments can be prohibitively expensive,” says lead investigator Dion Morton, Professor of Surgery at the University of Birmingham. “We wanted to go in the opposite direction, testing a treatment that could be used on the widest possible group of patients.  

“Thanks to funding from Cancer Research UK, doctors in countries around the world will now be able to put these findings into clinical practice, saving many thousands of lives.” 

A selfie taken by Geoff Hoggard

After taking part in the FOxTROT trial, Geoff Hoggard is now back “living life to the full”.

Geoff’s story 

Geoff Hoggard, from Leeds, joined the trial after he was diagnosed with colon cancer in 2016.  

“I had noticed blood in my poo a few times and initially I had felt quite embarrassed about it. But I ended up being diagnosed with colon cancer, which was a massive wake-up call. Doctors saw the cancer very clearly with a colonoscopy and I was told that it needed urgent treatment, which came as a huge shock. 

“I was willing to take any opportunity to get the most effective treatment. The FOxTROT trial felt like the best way to do that, and I was happy to sign up when my consultant offered to put me on it.    

“I got 6 weeks of chemotherapy before surgery and 18 weeks after, which was hard going. Brain fog and severe tiredness took its toll on me. I kept going, thanks to the support of friends, family and my local church, who were a constant source of strength.   

“Eventually, it was all worth it. I’ve had no complications since the surgery, and there were no signs of cancer in the months and years after. 6 years on, I’m back living life to the full.    

“I have no regrets at all about taking part in the FOxTROT trial. I hope that many others will live longer, free from cancer, because of the developing science that underpins this new approach and which worked so well in my case.”   

More colon cancer trials to come 

We fund trials like FOxTROT to make sure there can be more people like Geoff living life to the full.  

Today, up to 1 in 3 colon cancer patients see their cancer come back after surgery. Magill speaks for all of us when she says: “That figure is far too high.” 

Now, though, we have a way to quickly start bringing that number down, and FOxTROT could also be a platform for even more improvements.  

The scientists are now working on 2 more clinical trials. One will investigate whether older patients can also benefit from chemotherapy before surgery. The other will find out if adding in more chemotherapy drugs before surgery further reduces the chances of colon cancer coming back.  

If FOxTROT-2 and FOxTROT-3 are as successful as the first study, we can expect more changes in how we treat colon cancer. The two new trials could provide the evidence doctors need to give patients more tailored treatments before and after surgery.  

That’s an exciting prospect. We’ve learned that we can make a difference today, without waiting for expensive new drugs – but that’s not the whole story. Thanks to FOxTROT, we may have found a better way using those drugs once we have them. 

    Comments

  • Revd. Christine Brown
    23 February 2023

    It gives me hope that cancer can be beaten. Keep up the exciting work.

  • DocRok
    23 February 2023

    Fabulous update…made me go and look up the published data to read the amazing results. Hope the benefits can be adopted around the country and the world as quickly as possible.

  • Heather McGinnes
    23 February 2023

    That is great news to hear, well done to all those involved.

  • Anthony Plant
    22 February 2023

    I was diagnosed with bowel cancer in 2014 and volunteered for the FOxTROT programme. Selection of the route to be taken was carried out randomly so having now seen the results, I’m pleased that I was chosen for the modified treatment!

  • Chris Pickering
    22 February 2023

    It’s good to recognise that older treatments can be improved by doing things differently. What a useful piece of research.

  • Mrs Sylvia King
    22 February 2023

    Well done. I hope this brings well needed hope to a lot of peiple

  • Rosa
    22 February 2023

    Sono notizie che ci fanno sperare nel futuro

  • Rosemary Newill
    22 February 2023

    Interesting as I know someone who had her chemo for bowel cancer before her op which was new to me. So good to know this research is continuing.

  • Val Gardener
    22 February 2023

    Amazing! Thank you so much for all the hard work you do to help people with this terrible illness.

  • James Johnston
    22 February 2023

    Always great to hear good news. Progress being at the minute shows the marvelous work being carried out by CANCER RESEARCH.

  • Francoise
    22 February 2023

    Happy to read that treatment before surgery brings a better outcome.Thank you Cancer research for such an outcome.

  • Shyam Kumar Ray
    22 February 2023

    Breast cancer treatment please

    Comments

  • Revd. Christine Brown
    23 February 2023

    It gives me hope that cancer can be beaten. Keep up the exciting work.

  • DocRok
    23 February 2023

    Fabulous update…made me go and look up the published data to read the amazing results. Hope the benefits can be adopted around the country and the world as quickly as possible.

  • Heather McGinnes
    23 February 2023

    That is great news to hear, well done to all those involved.

  • Anthony Plant
    22 February 2023

    I was diagnosed with bowel cancer in 2014 and volunteered for the FOxTROT programme. Selection of the route to be taken was carried out randomly so having now seen the results, I’m pleased that I was chosen for the modified treatment!

  • Chris Pickering
    22 February 2023

    It’s good to recognise that older treatments can be improved by doing things differently. What a useful piece of research.

  • Mrs Sylvia King
    22 February 2023

    Well done. I hope this brings well needed hope to a lot of peiple

  • Rosa
    22 February 2023

    Sono notizie che ci fanno sperare nel futuro

  • Rosemary Newill
    22 February 2023

    Interesting as I know someone who had her chemo for bowel cancer before her op which was new to me. So good to know this research is continuing.

  • Val Gardener
    22 February 2023

    Amazing! Thank you so much for all the hard work you do to help people with this terrible illness.

  • James Johnston
    22 February 2023

    Always great to hear good news. Progress being at the minute shows the marvelous work being carried out by CANCER RESEARCH.

  • Francoise
    22 February 2023

    Happy to read that treatment before surgery brings a better outcome.Thank you Cancer research for such an outcome.

  • Shyam Kumar Ray
    22 February 2023

    Breast cancer treatment please